Timeline References
1910
Black Family Wins Housing Case
Kemezis, K. (2010) Samuel and Susie Stone win legal battle. HistoryLink.org. http://www.historylink.org/File/9570
1920
CD Welcomes Asians
Chin, Doug (2001). Seattle’s International District: The making of a Pan-Asian American community. Seattle: International Examiner Press.
1924
Racially Restrictive Covenants
Silva, C. (n.d.) Racial Restrictive Covenants:Enforcing Neighborhood Segregation in Seattle. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants_report.htm
1934
New Deal Housing Act
California Newsreel (n.d.). Where race lives, in Race: The power of an illusion. (Web site and educational toolkit). http://www.pbs.org/race/006_WhereRaceLives/006_00-home.htm
1938
Redlining Born
Boie, J. (2015). A tax on Blackness: racism is still rampant in real estate. Slate magazine. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2015/05/racism_in_real_estate_landlords_redlining_housing_values_and_discrimination.html
1942
Yesler Terrace Opens
Special Section: Segregated Seattle (n.d.). Racial restricted covenants. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants.htm
1945
Great Migration
Taylor, Q. (1981). The Great Migration: The Afro-American Communities of Seattle and Portland during the1940s. Arizona and the West. Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 109-126.
1946
Christian Friends for Racial Equality (CFRE)
Silva, C. (n.d.) Racial Restrictive Covenants:Enforcing Neighborhood Segregation in Seattle. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants_report.htm
1950
Whites Get 98%
California Newsreel (n.d.). Where race lives, in Race: The power of an illusion. (Web site and educational toolkit). http://www.pbs.org/race/006_WhereRaceLives/006_00-home.htm
1954
Holly Park and Rainier Vista open
Caldick, J. (2014.) Seattle Housing Authority – Part I. HistoryLink.org. http://www.historylink.org/File/10760
1960
SE Seattle Census Data
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
1963
Seattle’s 1st Housing Sit-in
Goodloe, T. (n.d.) The 1964 open housing election: How the press influenced the campaign. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_housing_media.htm
1964
Gentrification Coined
Slater, T. (2011). Gentrification of the City. In G. Bridge & S. Watson (Eds.), The new blackwell companion to the city (pp. 571–585). Wiley-Blackwell.
1964
Open Housing Fails
Core and Central Area Civil Rights Special Section (n.d.). History and Research Reports. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_history.htm
1966
Alien Land Law repealed
Grant, N. (n.d.) White supremacy and the alien land laws of Washington State. Seattle Civil Rights History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/alien_land_laws.htm
1968
Open Housing Wins
Core and Central Area Civil Rights Special Section (n.d.). History and Research Reports. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_history.htm
1968
Liberty Bank
Africatown (2016). Liberty Bank development provides path to future for Blacks in the Central District. http://africatownseattle.com/articles/1016/liberty-bank-development-provides-path-to-future-for-blacks-in-central-district.html
1970
Central District Census Data
Balk, G. (2015) Historically Black Central District could be less than 10% Black in a decade. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/data/historically-black-central-district-could-be-less-than-10-black-in-a-decade/
1971
Boeing Bust
History link staff (2006). Group Health Cooperative enrollment shoots up as Boeing Bust deepens in 1970. http://www.historylink.org/File/7626
1972
Humbows, Not Hot Dogs!
Santos, B. (2002). Humbows, not hot dogs! Memoirs of a savvy Asian American Activist. Seattle: International Examiner Press.
1972
El Centro de La Raza
El Centro de la Raza (n.d.) History and Evolution (web page). http://www.elcentrodelaraza.org/about-us/history-evolution/
1974
Disinvestment & White Flight
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
1980
SE Seattle Census Data
Ibid.
1986
Redlining Challenged
Ibid.
1990
Central District Census Data
Balk, G. (2015) Historically Black Central District could be less than 10% Black in a decade. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/data/historically-black-central-district-could-be-less-than-10-black-in-a-decade/
1992
Weed and Seed Program
James, C. (n.d.) The bottom line: South King County’s problem didn’t start there. City Living Seattle. http://citylivingseattle.com/PrintArticle.aspx?aid=90257&uid=b66b3458-9245-4cbe-830a-41df86a4a93b
1996
Sound Transit
Sound Transit website (n.d). http://www.soundtransit.org/Projects-and-Plans/Developing-Regional-Transit/History-what-voters-approved
1999
SHA Redevelops Holly Park and Rainier Vista
National Housing Law Project, et. al. (2002). False hope: A critical assessment of the Hope VI public housing redevelopment program. https://www.nhlp.org/files/FalseHOPE.pdf
2000
SE Seattle Census Data
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
2003
Rainier Beach Community Empowerment Coalition
Rainier Beach Action Coalition (n.d.) History (web page). http://www.rbcoalition.org/about/history/
2007
Right to the City Alliance
Right to the City (n.d.) Mission and history (web page). http://righttothecity.org/about/mission-history/
2008
Great Recession is Racialized
United for a Fair Economy (n.d.) The racial wealth divide: Why housing matters. (web infographic). http://www.faireconomy.org/why_housing_matters
2010
Hood Ain’t the Same
Draze (2014). The Hood Ain’t the Same. On Seattle’s Own. (Music album). And Balk, G. (see above).
2011
SE Gentrification Accelerates
Puget Sound Sage. (2012). Transit-oriented development that is healthy, green and just: Ensuring transit investment in Seattle’s Rainier Valley builds communities where all families thrive, [non-profit policy report]. Retrieved from http://www.pugetsoundsage.org
2011
Land Trust Revives Foreclosed Development
Cohen, A. (2011. Land trust turns foreclosure into affordable new homes. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Land-trust-turns-forclosure-into-affordable-new-819302.php
2012
Equitable TOD
Puget Sound Sage. (2012). Transit-oriented development that is healthy, green and just: Ensuring transit investment in Seattle’s Rainier Valley builds communities where all families thrive, [non-profit policy report]. Retrieved from http://www.pugetsoundsage.org
2013
Seattle Rents Soar
Balk, G. (2014) Seattle saw steepest rent hike among major US cities. The Seattle Times. http://blogs.seattletimes.com/fyi-guy/2014/09/18/census-seattle-saw-steepest-rent-hike-among-major-u-s-cities/
2015
Displaced Tenants Win $5.7 Million
Herz, A. (2015) Triad development reaches $5.7 million settlement with tenants over troubled downtown Civic Square project. The Stranger. http://www.thestranger.com/blogs/slog/2015/10/28/23077559/triad-development-reaches-57-million-settlement-with-tenants-over-troubled-downtown-civic-square-project
February 2016
Roberto Maestas Plaza
Kroman, D. (2016) Some camp out for first-come, first-served affordable development. Crosscut.com. http://crosscut.com/2016/02/housing-chances-draw-a-crowd-with-many-sure-to-lose-out/
March 2016
Gentrification is an Environmental Issue
Got Green and Puget Sound Sage. (2016) Our people, our planet, our power: Community led research in South Seattle. http://gotgreenseattle.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/OurPeopleOurPlanetOurPower_GotGreen_Sage_Final1.pdf
July 2016
This is Who We Are
Frye Museum (2015). This is who we are. (Art exhibit web page). http://fryemuseum.org/exhibition/6396
October 2016
Liberty Bank Community Development
Africatown (2016). Liberty Bank development provides path to future for Blacks in the Central District. http://africatownseattle.com/articles/1016/liberty-bank-development-provides-path-to-future-for-blacks-in-central-district.html
November 2016
$$$ for Police Goes To Housing
Seattle City Council (2016). Build 1,000 homes coalition wins $29 million for affordable housing. (web page) http://council.seattle.gov/2016/11/17/build-1000-homes-coalition-wins-29-million-for-affordable-housing/
Black Family Wins Housing Case
Kemezis, K. (2010) Samuel and Susie Stone win legal battle. HistoryLink.org. http://www.historylink.org/File/9570
1920
CD Welcomes Asians
Chin, Doug (2001). Seattle’s International District: The making of a Pan-Asian American community. Seattle: International Examiner Press.
1924
Racially Restrictive Covenants
Silva, C. (n.d.) Racial Restrictive Covenants:Enforcing Neighborhood Segregation in Seattle. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants_report.htm
1934
New Deal Housing Act
California Newsreel (n.d.). Where race lives, in Race: The power of an illusion. (Web site and educational toolkit). http://www.pbs.org/race/006_WhereRaceLives/006_00-home.htm
1938
Redlining Born
Boie, J. (2015). A tax on Blackness: racism is still rampant in real estate. Slate magazine. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2015/05/racism_in_real_estate_landlords_redlining_housing_values_and_discrimination.html
1942
Yesler Terrace Opens
Special Section: Segregated Seattle (n.d.). Racial restricted covenants. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants.htm
1945
Great Migration
Taylor, Q. (1981). The Great Migration: The Afro-American Communities of Seattle and Portland during the1940s. Arizona and the West. Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 109-126.
1946
Christian Friends for Racial Equality (CFRE)
Silva, C. (n.d.) Racial Restrictive Covenants:Enforcing Neighborhood Segregation in Seattle. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/covenants_report.htm
1950
Whites Get 98%
California Newsreel (n.d.). Where race lives, in Race: The power of an illusion. (Web site and educational toolkit). http://www.pbs.org/race/006_WhereRaceLives/006_00-home.htm
1954
Holly Park and Rainier Vista open
Caldick, J. (2014.) Seattle Housing Authority – Part I. HistoryLink.org. http://www.historylink.org/File/10760
1960
SE Seattle Census Data
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
1963
Seattle’s 1st Housing Sit-in
Goodloe, T. (n.d.) The 1964 open housing election: How the press influenced the campaign. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_housing_media.htm
1964
Gentrification Coined
Slater, T. (2011). Gentrification of the City. In G. Bridge & S. Watson (Eds.), The new blackwell companion to the city (pp. 571–585). Wiley-Blackwell.
1964
Open Housing Fails
Core and Central Area Civil Rights Special Section (n.d.). History and Research Reports. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_history.htm
1966
Alien Land Law repealed
Grant, N. (n.d.) White supremacy and the alien land laws of Washington State. Seattle Civil Rights History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/alien_land_laws.htm
1968
Open Housing Wins
Core and Central Area Civil Rights Special Section (n.d.). History and Research Reports. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_history.htm
1968
Liberty Bank
Africatown (2016). Liberty Bank development provides path to future for Blacks in the Central District. http://africatownseattle.com/articles/1016/liberty-bank-development-provides-path-to-future-for-blacks-in-central-district.html
1970
Central District Census Data
Balk, G. (2015) Historically Black Central District could be less than 10% Black in a decade. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/data/historically-black-central-district-could-be-less-than-10-black-in-a-decade/
1971
Boeing Bust
History link staff (2006). Group Health Cooperative enrollment shoots up as Boeing Bust deepens in 1970. http://www.historylink.org/File/7626
1972
Humbows, Not Hot Dogs!
Santos, B. (2002). Humbows, not hot dogs! Memoirs of a savvy Asian American Activist. Seattle: International Examiner Press.
1972
El Centro de La Raza
El Centro de la Raza (n.d.) History and Evolution (web page). http://www.elcentrodelaraza.org/about-us/history-evolution/
1974
Disinvestment & White Flight
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
1980
SE Seattle Census Data
Ibid.
1986
Redlining Challenged
Ibid.
1990
Central District Census Data
Balk, G. (2015) Historically Black Central District could be less than 10% Black in a decade. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/data/historically-black-central-district-could-be-less-than-10-black-in-a-decade/
1992
Weed and Seed Program
James, C. (n.d.) The bottom line: South King County’s problem didn’t start there. City Living Seattle. http://citylivingseattle.com/PrintArticle.aspx?aid=90257&uid=b66b3458-9245-4cbe-830a-41df86a4a93b
1996
Sound Transit
Sound Transit website (n.d). http://www.soundtransit.org/Projects-and-Plans/Developing-Regional-Transit/History-what-voters-approved
1999
SHA Redevelops Holly Park and Rainier Vista
National Housing Law Project, et. al. (2002). False hope: A critical assessment of the Hope VI public housing redevelopment program. https://www.nhlp.org/files/FalseHOPE.pdf
2000
SE Seattle Census Data
Woodward, M. (2011). Neighborhoods Southeast Seattle community history project: Timeline. Retrieved at https://wayback.archive-it.org/3241/20141217052531/http://www9.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/southeastseattle/pdf/SE%20Reference%20-%20Timeline.pdf
2003
Rainier Beach Community Empowerment Coalition
Rainier Beach Action Coalition (n.d.) History (web page). http://www.rbcoalition.org/about/history/
2007
Right to the City Alliance
Right to the City (n.d.) Mission and history (web page). http://righttothecity.org/about/mission-history/
2008
Great Recession is Racialized
United for a Fair Economy (n.d.) The racial wealth divide: Why housing matters. (web infographic). http://www.faireconomy.org/why_housing_matters
2010
Hood Ain’t the Same
Draze (2014). The Hood Ain’t the Same. On Seattle’s Own. (Music album). And Balk, G. (see above).
2011
SE Gentrification Accelerates
Puget Sound Sage. (2012). Transit-oriented development that is healthy, green and just: Ensuring transit investment in Seattle’s Rainier Valley builds communities where all families thrive, [non-profit policy report]. Retrieved from http://www.pugetsoundsage.org
2011
Land Trust Revives Foreclosed Development
Cohen, A. (2011. Land trust turns foreclosure into affordable new homes. The Seattle Times. http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Land-trust-turns-forclosure-into-affordable-new-819302.php
2012
Equitable TOD
Puget Sound Sage. (2012). Transit-oriented development that is healthy, green and just: Ensuring transit investment in Seattle’s Rainier Valley builds communities where all families thrive, [non-profit policy report]. Retrieved from http://www.pugetsoundsage.org
2013
Seattle Rents Soar
Balk, G. (2014) Seattle saw steepest rent hike among major US cities. The Seattle Times. http://blogs.seattletimes.com/fyi-guy/2014/09/18/census-seattle-saw-steepest-rent-hike-among-major-u-s-cities/
2015
Displaced Tenants Win $5.7 Million
Herz, A. (2015) Triad development reaches $5.7 million settlement with tenants over troubled downtown Civic Square project. The Stranger. http://www.thestranger.com/blogs/slog/2015/10/28/23077559/triad-development-reaches-57-million-settlement-with-tenants-over-troubled-downtown-civic-square-project
February 2016
Roberto Maestas Plaza
Kroman, D. (2016) Some camp out for first-come, first-served affordable development. Crosscut.com. http://crosscut.com/2016/02/housing-chances-draw-a-crowd-with-many-sure-to-lose-out/
March 2016
Gentrification is an Environmental Issue
Got Green and Puget Sound Sage. (2016) Our people, our planet, our power: Community led research in South Seattle. http://gotgreenseattle.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/OurPeopleOurPlanetOurPower_GotGreen_Sage_Final1.pdf
July 2016
This is Who We Are
Frye Museum (2015). This is who we are. (Art exhibit web page). http://fryemuseum.org/exhibition/6396
October 2016
Liberty Bank Community Development
Africatown (2016). Liberty Bank development provides path to future for Blacks in the Central District. http://africatownseattle.com/articles/1016/liberty-bank-development-provides-path-to-future-for-blacks-in-central-district.html
November 2016
$$$ for Police Goes To Housing
Seattle City Council (2016). Build 1,000 homes coalition wins $29 million for affordable housing. (web page) http://council.seattle.gov/2016/11/17/build-1000-homes-coalition-wins-29-million-for-affordable-housing/